Nginx安装和基本使用

# Nginx安装和基本使用

# 前言

Nginx [engine x] 是一个高性能的HTTP和反向代理web服务器，同时也提供了IMAP/POP3/SMTP服务。

首次安装nginx之前，你需要配置nginx源，之后，你就可以从库中安装或更新nginx。

# 安装

# install via yum

1、安装yum-utils

sudo yum install yum-utils

2、设置yum官方源，创建文件 /etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo，内容如下：

[nginx-stable]
name=nginx stable repo
baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/$releasever/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
gpgkey=https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key
module_hotfixes=true

[nginx-mainline]
name=nginx mainline repo
baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/mainline/centos/$releasever/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key
module_hotfixes=true

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3、(可选)默认情况下使用的是稳定版本，如果你想使用在线版本，可以执行下面的命令：

sudo yum-config-manager --enable nginx-mainline

4、安装nginx

sudo yum install nginx

安装过程中出现了Peer's Certificate has expired.这样的错误

.
.
.
Total size: 997 k
Installed size: 3.3 M
Is this ok [y/d/N]: y
Downloading packages:
warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/nginx-stable/packages/nginx-1.22.0-1.el7.ngx.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 7bd9bf62: NOKEY
Retrieving key from https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key

GPG key retrieval failed: [Errno 14] curl#60 - "Peer's Certificate has expired."

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我们可以使用rpm --import来解决

rpm --import https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key

但是会出现导入失败，可能是网络问题我们先进行下载再进行导入key，再次安装即可

wget https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key --no-check-certificate
rpm --import nginx_signing.key

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5、查看nginx版本

[root@localhost webserver]# nginx -v
nginx version: nginx/1.22.0

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# Nginx配置

拷贝nginx.conf

[root@localhost webserver]# cp /etc/nginx/nginx.conf /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/
[root@localhost webserver]# cp /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/

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配置nginx.conf内容如下：

user  nginx;
worker_processes  auto;

error_log /usr/local/webserver/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log crit; #日志位置和日志级别
pid /usr/local/webserver/nginx/nginx.pid;
#error_log  /var/log/nginx/error.log notice;
#pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;


events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}


http {
    include       /etc/nginx/mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    access_log  /usr/local/webserver/nginx/logs/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    keepalive_timeout  65;

    #gzip  on;

    include /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/default.conf;
    #include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
}

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检查配置文件nginx.conf的正确性命令：

[root@localhost nginx]# nginx -t -c /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful

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# Nginx启动

#启动nginx
nginx -c /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

#查看防火墙端口
firewall-cmd --list-ports
#开启80端口
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=80/tcp --permanent
#重新载入配置
firewall-cmd --reload

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浏览器访问

# Nginx其它命令

以下是nginx的常用命令

nginx -c /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf -s reload            # 重新载入配置文件
nginx -c /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf -s reopen            # 重启 Nginx
nginx -c /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf -s stop              # 停止 Nginx

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#Nginx #反向代理

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